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بایگانی‌های PR6015.U9 .Z877 2010 - خانه اخلاق پژوهان جوان
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The Justice Motive

by Melvin J. Lerner

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Subject: Justice, Motivation (Psychology),

This book contains new essays in honor of Melvin J. Lerner, a pioneer in the psychological study of justice. The contributors to this volume are internationally renowned scholars from psychology, business, and law. They examine the role of justice motivation in a wide variety of contexts, including workplace violence, affirmative action programs, helping or harming innocent victims and how people react to their own fate. Contributors explore fundamental issues such as whether people’s interest in justice is motivated by self-interest or a genuine concern for the welfare of others, when and why people feel a need to punish transgressors, how a concern for justice emerges during the development of societies and individuals, and the relation of justice motivation to moral motivation. How an understanding of justice motivation can contribute to the amelioration of major social problems is also examined.

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Rethinking Abortion

by Mark A. Graber

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Subject: Abortion, Abortion/ Government Policy/ United States, Abortion/ Political Aspects/ United States, Abortion/ United States/ Moral And Ethical Aspects,

Mark Graber looks at the history of abortion law in action to argue that the only defensible, constitutional approach to the issue is to afford all women equal choice – abortion should remain legal or bans should be strictly enforced. Steering away from metaphysical critiques of privacy, Graber compares the philosophical, constitutional, and democratic merits of the two systems of abortion regulation witnessed in the twentieth-century: pre-Roe v. Wade statutory prohibitions on abortion and Roe’s ban on significant state interference with the market for safe abortion services. He demonstrates that before Roe, pro-life measures were selectively and erratically administered, thereby subverting our constitutional commitment to equal justice. Claiming that these measures would be similarly administered if reinstated, the author seeks to increase support for keeping abortion legal, even among those who have reservations about its morality. Abortion should remain legal, Graber argues, because statutory bans on abortion have a history of being enforced in ways that intentionally discriminate against poor persons and persons of color. In the years before Roe, the same law enforcement officials who routinely ignored and sometimes assisted those physicians seeking to terminate pregnancies for their private patients too often prevented competent abortionists from offering the same services to the general public. This double standard violated the fundamental human and constitutional right of equal justice under law, a right that has powerful roots in the American political tradition and that remains a major concern of the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment.

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Patent Pending in 24 Hours

by Richard Stim

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Subject: Patent Laws And Legislation - Popular Works. - United States, Patent Practice - Popular Works. - United States,

The quickest way for someone to establish proof of creation of an invention is to file a provisional patent application (PPA), a shortened version of a patent application. This book takes readers step-by-step through the process of drafting and filing a PPA within 24 hours, explaining how to: – search for prior art- organize data- use charts and tables- create illustrations- assemble the PPAPatent Pending in 24 Hours also discusses the advantages and limitations of, and alternatives to, PPAs, and covers what happens after submitting one to the Patent and Trademark Office, including: – what happens if an invention is modified- whether an inventor needs a nondisclosure agreement when pitching a creation- how to mark an invention with “Patent Pending”

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Dignity in adversity

by Seyla Benhabib

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Subject: Human Rights, Human Rights - Political Aspects,

The language of human rights has become the public vocabulary of our contemporary world. Ironically, as the political influence of human rights has grown, their philosophical justification has become ever more controversial. Building on a theory of discourse ethics and communicative rationality, this book addresses the politics and philosophy of human rights against the background of the broader social transformations that are shaping the modern world. Rejecting the reduction of international human rights to the Trojan horse of a neo-liberal empire’s bid for world power, as well as the conservative objections to legal cosmopolitanism as encroachments upon democratic sovereignty, Benhabib develops two key concepts to move beyond these false antitheses. International human rights norms need contextualization in specific polities through processes of what she calls ‘democratic iterations.’ Furthermore, such norms have a ‘jurisgenerative power, ‘ in that they enable new actors to enter fields of social and political contestation; they promote new vocabularies for public claim-making and anticipate a justice to come. — Book Description.

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Philosophy In The Modern World

by Anthony Kenny

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Subject: Philosophy / History & Surveys / Modern, Philosophy, Modern/ 19th Century, Philosophy, Modern/ 20th Century, Science / General,

Here is the concluding volume of Sir Anthony Kenny’s monumental four-volume history of philosophy, the first major single-author narrative history to appear for several decades. Here Kenny tells the fascinating story of the development of philosophy in the modern world, from the early nineteenth century to the end of the millennium. Alongside (and intertwined with) extraordinary scientific advances, cultural changes, and political upheavals, the last two centuries have seen some of the most intriguing and original developments in philosophical thinking, which have transformed our understanding of ourselves and our world. In the first part of the book, Kenny offers a lively narrative introducing the major thinkers in their historical context. Among those we meet are the great figures of continental European philosophy, from Schopenhauer, Kierkegaard, and Nietzsche to Heidegger, Sartre, and Derrida; the Pragmatists such as C.S. Pierce and William James, who first developed a distinctively American philosophical tradition; Marx, Darwin, and Freud, the non-philosophers whose influence on philosophy was immense; and Wittgenstein and Russell, friends and colleagues who set the agenda for analytic philosophy in the twentieth century. Kenny then proceeds to guide the reader lucidly through the nine main areas of philosophical work in the period, offering a serious engagement with ideas and arguments about logic, language, epistemology, metaphysics, ethics, aesthetics, politics, and the existence of God. Graced with many beautiful illustrations, Philosophy in the Modern World concludes Kenny’s stimulating history of the intellectual development of Western civilization, allowing readers to trace the birth and growth of philosophy from antiquity to the present day.

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