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بایگانی‌های 9780387975115 - خانه اخلاق پژوهان جوان
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War and Moral Responsibility

by Marshall Cohen

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Subject: War, War (International Law), War/ Moral And Ethical Aspects,

This remarkably rich collection of articles focuses on moral questions about war. The essays, originally published inPhilosophy & Public Affairs, cover a wide range of topics from several points of view by writers from the fields of political science, philosophy, and law. The discussion of war and moral responsibility falls into three general categories: problems of political and military choice, problems about the relation of an individual to the actions of his government, and more abstract ethical questions as well.The first category includes questions about the ethical and legal aspects of war crimes and the laws of war; about the source of moral restrictions on military methods or goals; and about differences in suitability of conduct which may depend on differences in the nature of the opponent. The second category includes questions about the conditions for responsibility of individual soldiers and civilian officials for war crimes, and about the proper attitude of a government toward potential conscripts who reject its military policies. The third category includes disputes between absolutist, deontological, and utilitarian ethical theories, and deals with questions about the existence of insoluble moral dilemmas

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Thinking It Through: An Introduction To Contemporary Philosophy

by Kwame Anthony Appiah

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Subject: Philosophy, Philosophy / General, Philosophy / History & Surveys / Modern, Philosophy, Modern,

Here is a thorough, vividly written introduction to contemporary philosophy and some of the most crucial questions of human existence: the nature of mind and knowledge, the status of moral claims, the existence of God, the role of science, and the mysteries of language, among them. In Thinking It Through, esteemed philosopher Kwame Anthony Appiah shows us what it means to “do” philosophy in our time and why it should matter to anyone who wishes to live a more thoughtful life. Opposing the common misconceptions that being a philosopher means espousing a set of philosophical beliefs, or being a follower of a particular thinker, Appiah argues that “the result of philosophical exploration is not the end of inquiry in a settled opinion, but a mind resting more comfortably among many possibilities, or else the reframing of the question, and a new inquiry.” Thinking It Through is organized around eight central topics — mind, knowledge, language, science, morality, politics, law, and metaphysics. It traces how philosophers in the past have considered each subject (how Hobbes, Wittgenstein, and Frege, for example, approached the problem of language) and then explores some of the major questions that still engage philosophers today. More important, Appiah shows us not only what philosophers have thought but how they think, giving us examples we might use in our own attempts to navigate the complex issues that confront any reflective person in the 21st century. Filled with concrete examples of how philosophers work and written in the liveliest prose, Thinking It Through guides readers through the process of philosophical reflection and enlarges our understanding of the central questions of human life.

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a TERRIBLE love OF WAR

by James Hillman

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Subject: Psychology / General, Technology & Engineering / Military Science, War, War/ Psychological Aspects,

From world-renowned psychologist and bestselling author of The Soul’s Code, a profound examination of the roots of man’s primal love/hate relationship with war. War is a timeless force in the human imagination-and, indeed, in daily life. If recent events have taught us anything, it is that peacetime is not nearly so constant and attainable as wartime. During the 5,600 years of recorded history, 14,600 wars have been fought-2 to 3 for every year of human history. War is a constant thing. And yet no one really understands why that is. In A Terrible Love of War, James Hillman, one of the central figures in psychology in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, fills this great void and undertakes a groundbreaking examination of the origins, needs, and rewards of war. Moreover, in this brilliant inquiry, Hillman explores many other essential questions, such as: Is war a necessary part of our human soul and, therefore, a necessary part of our lives? Why do we need enemies? What scars does warfare carve on the psyche of its soldiers? And why does it have such a permanent effect? If war is such a “normal” part of our existence, why do we fear it so much? And alternately, how could we ever embrace a force so destructive, so wanton, and so inhuman? Can the impulse to engage in war be tamed? Hillman asserts that “if we want war’s horror to be abated so that life may go on, it is necessary to understand and imagine.” A Terrible Love of Waris a crucial tool to understanding war-a crucial book for us all.

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