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Hiding From Humanity: Disgust, Shame, And The Law

by Martha C. Nussbaum

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Subject: Aversion, Law, Law / Ethics & Professional Responsibility, Law/ Psychological Aspects,

Should laws about sex and pornography be based on social conventions about what is disgusting? Should felons be required to display bumper stickers or wear T-shirts that announce their crimes? This powerful and elegantly written book, by one of America’s most influential philosophers, presents a critique of the role that shame and disgust play in our individual and social lives and, in particular, in the law. Martha Nussbaum argues that we should be wary of these emotions because they are associated in troubling ways with a desire to hide from our humanity, embodying an unrealistic and sometimes pathological wish to be invulnerable. Nussbaum argues that the thought-content of disgust embodies “magical ideas of contamination, and impossible aspirations to purity that are just not in line with human life as we know it.” She argues that disgust should never be the basis for criminalizing an act, or play either the aggravating or the mitigating role in criminal law it currently does. She writes that we should be similarly suspicious of what she calls “primitive shame,” a shame “at the very fact of human imperfection,” and she is harshly critical of the role that such shame plays in certain punishments. Drawing on an extraordinarily rich variety of philosophical, psychological, and historical references–from Aristotle and Freud to Nazi ideas about purity–and on legal examples as diverse as the trials of Oscar Wilde and the Martha Stewart insider trading case, this is a major work of legal and moral philosophy.

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Objectivity in Law and Morals

by Brian Leiter

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Subject: Law, Law - Philosophy, Law And Ethics,

“The seven original essays, written by some of the world’s most distinguished moral and legal philosophers, bring a sophisticated philosophical perspective to bear on issues about the objectivity of legal interpretation and judicial decision making. They examine the intersection between objectivity in ethics and objectivity in law in the positivist and natural law traditions, and they develop a variety of approaches, constructive and critical, to the fundamental problems about the objectivity of morality. One of the key issues explored is that of the alleged “domain-specificity” of conceptions of objectivity, that is, whether there is a conception of objectivity, appropriate for ethics that is different in kind from the conception of objectivity appropriate for the sciences and other domains.”–BOOK JACKET.

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Ideologies of Forgetting

by Gina Marie Weaver

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Subject: Rape As A Weapon Of War - Vietnam - History - 20th Century, Rape Victims/ Vietnam, Vietnam War, 1961-1975 - Atrocities,

Rape has long been a part of war, and recent conflicts in Bosnia, Rwanda, and Darfur demonstrate that it may be becoming an even more integral strategy of modern warfare. In contrast to the media attention to sexual violence against women in these recent conflicts, however, the incidence and consequences of rape in the Vietnam War have been largely overlooked. Using testimony, oral accounts, literature, and film, Ideologies of Forgetting focuses on the rape and sexual abuse of Vietnamese women by U.S. soldiers during the Vietnam War, and argues that the erasure and elision of these practices of sexual violence in the U.S. popular imagination perpetuate the violent masculinity central to contemporary U.S. military culture. Gina Marie Weaver claims that recognition of this violence is important not just for an accurate historical record, but also to truly understand the Vietnam veterans trauma, which often stems from his aggression rather than his victimization.

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Justification And Application Remarks On Discourse Ethics

by Jürgen Habermas

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Subject: Philosophy,

This long-awaited book sets out the implications of Habermas’s theory of communicative action for moral theory. ‘Discourse ethics’ attempts to reconstruct a moral point of view from which normative claims can be imperative with a procedure of justification based on reasoned agreement among participants in practical discourse.

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