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بایگانی‌های 2587 - خانه اخلاق پژوهان جوان
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islamic bioethics problems and perspectives

by Darius Atighetchi

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Subject: Bioethical Issues, Bioethics, Bioethics/ Religious Aspects/ Islam, Ethics, Medical,

This book presents a critical analysis of the debate at the religious, legal and political level sparked off by the introduction of new biomedical technologies (cloning, genetics, organ transplants, IVF, etc.) in Muslim countries. It compares the positions of “classic” Muslim law and contemporary religious authorities; laws in Muslim countries; the attitudes and concrete behaviour of populations, families and individuals, as well as the regulations of medical associations, bioethics committees etc..The result is a mosaic of positions which are often different (including from the point of view of ethics) but all in pursuit of legitimisation according to the Koran and the Shari’a. The work has an interdisciplinary approach, drawing on law, sociology, anthropology, politics and the history of science. For this reason it will be of interest to scholars and operators in a wide variety of disciplines and fields.

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Internet Weather:

by James W. Moore

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Subject: Internet - Social Aspects,

What will work be like in the future? Futurists often try to answer this question by looking at the effects of the Internet and technology, examining how they have changed our personal and professional lives. In The Internet Weather, instead of studying all the changes occurring in our world, James Moore looks at all the things that will stay the same. Technology may lead us to more rapid communication, more voluminous information, and a world without the privacy we’ve come to expect, but it will also force us to think in new ways about old values. Most likely, argues Moore, we will not abandon age-old ideals for new ones, but reorganize human society around the same old ideals we’ve always held, accommodating and incorporating new technologies into new ways of living under the same, long-held beliefs. Whatever happens in the fast-paced world of e-commerce and life lived online, we will never have more than twenty-four hours in a day. We will always value our privacy and seek trustworthiness and truth from the people with whom we do business. Understanding this can help managers make positive change in the way they manage and, in so doing, retain employees and improve their businesses. Based on his theory of these four vital elements–time, trust, truth, and privacy–Moore predicts that corporations will reorganize themselves according to the doctrine of “principled agility”; anonymity will become the ultimate luxury good; alter ego roles will become significant career choices. Our human values will not change, but our behaviors to enhance these values will change dramatically. Unless we learn that essential lesson now, our businesses and our personal lives will suffer sooner or later. The Internet Weather questions common assumptions about the New Economy and takes an often contrary–but always compelling–point of view about not only the ways in which techno-logy will change our lives, but also the ways in which it will improve our lives. With insights gleaned from more than twenty-five years of business experience, Moore offers advice for helping managers and employees focus their energy and attention on those issues that will be most important in the near future. Insightful, well-reasoned, and visionary, this is a book that no business leader should be without–if they want to prepare for the continuous change and constant truths of the future.

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Emotion and the Affective Sciences

by David Sander

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Subject: Affect - English. - Encyclopedias, Affect (Psychology) - Encyclopedias, Affective Neuroscience - Encyclopedias, Emotions - Encyclopedias,

Few areas have witnessed the type of growth we have seen in the affective sciences in the past decades. Across psychology, philosophy, economics, and neuroscience, there has been an explosion of interest in the topic of emotion and affect. Comprehensive, authoritative, up-to-date, and easy-to-use, the new Oxford Companion to Emotion and the Affective Sciences is an indispensable resource for all who wish to find out about theories, concepts, methods, and research findings in this rapidly growing interdisciplinary field – one that brings together, amongst others, psychologists, neuroscientists, social scientists, philosophers, and historians. Organized by alphabetical entries, and presenting brief definitions, conciseoverviews, and encyclopaedic articles (all with extensive references to relevant publications), this Companion lends itself to casual browsing by non-specialists interested in the fascinating phenomena of emotions, moods, affect disorders, and personality as well as to focused search for pertinent information bystudents and established scholars in the field.Not only does the book provide entries on affective phenomena, but also on their neural underpinnings, their cognitive antecedents and the associated responses in physiological systems, facial, vocal, and bodily expressions, and action tendencies. Numerous entries also consider the role of emotion in society and social behavior, as well as in cognitive processes such as those critical for perception, attention, memory, judgement and decision-making.The volume has been edited by a group of internationally leading authorities in the respective disciplines consisting of two editors (David Sander and Klaus Scherer) as well as group of 11 associate editors (John T. Cacioppo, Tim Dalgleish, Robert Dantzer, Richard J. Davidson, Ronald B. de Sousa, Phoebe C. Ellsworth, Nico Frijda, George Loewenstein, Paula M. Niedenthal, Peter Salovey, and Richard A. Shweder). The members of the editorial board have commissioned and reviewed contributions frommajor experts on specific topics.In addition to comprehensive coverage of technical terms and fundamental issues, the volume also highlights current debates that inform the ongoing research process. In addition, the Companion contains a wealth of material on the role of emotion in applied domains such as economic behaviour, music and arts, work and organizational behaviour, family interactions and group dynamics, religion, law and justice, and societal change.Highly accessible and wide-ranging, this book is a vital resource for scientists, students, and professionals eager to obtain a rapid, conclusive overview on central terms and topics and anyone wanting to learn more about the mechanisms underlying the emotions dominating many aspects of our lives.

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Objectivism, Subjectivism, and Relativism in Ethics: Volume 25, Part 1 (Social Philosophy and Policy)

by Edited by Ellen Frankel Paul

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Subject: Ethics,

Do we desire things because they are good, or are they good because we desire them? Objectivists answer that we desire things because they are good; subjectivists answer that things are good because we desire them. Further, does it make sense to account for moral disagreement by claiming, as the moral relativist does, that something might be good for one person but not for another? Some essays in this book consider whether objective moral truths can be grounded in an understanding of the nature of human beings as rational and social animals. Some discuss the ethical theories of historical figures-Aristotle, Aquinas, or Kant-or offer critical assessments of the work of recent and contemporary theorists-such as Moore, Putnam, Ayn Rand, Philippa Foot, and Rosalind Hursthouse. Other essays ask whether moral principles and values can be constructed through a process of practical reasoning or deliberation. Still others consider what the phenomenology of our moral experiences can reveal about moral objectivity.

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