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بایگانی‌های Juristic Persons - خانه اخلاق پژوهان جوان
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Realism with a Human Face

by Hilary Putnam

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Subject: Aesthetics, Ethics, Metaphysics, Philosophy, American,

The time has come to reform philosophy, says Hilary Putnam, one of America’s great philosophers. He calls upon philosophers to attend to the gap between the present condition of their subject and the human aspirations that philosophy should and once did claim to represent. Putnam’s goal is to embed philosophy in social life.The first part of this book is dedicated to metaphysical questions. Putnam rejects the contemporary metaphysics that insists on describing both the mind and the world from a God’s-eye view. In its place he argues for pluralism, for a philosophy that is not a closed systematic method but a human practice connected to real life. Philosophy has a task, to be sure, but it is not to provide an inventory of the basic furniture of the universe or to separate reality in itself from our own projections. Putnam makes it clear that science is not in the business of describing a ready-made world, and philosophy should not be in that business either.The author moves on to show that the larger human context in which science matters is a world of values animated by ethics and aesthetic judgments. No adequate philosophy should try to explain away ethical facts. The dimension of history is added in the third part of the book. Here Putnam takes up a set of American philosophers, some firmly within and others outside the canon of analytic philosophy, such as William James and C. S. Peirce, and he explores the pragmatist contribution to philosophy from James to Quine and Goodman.This book connects issues in metaphysics with cultural and literary issues and argues that the collapse of philosophical realism does not entail a fall into the abyss of relativism and postmodern skepticism. It is aimed primarily at philosophers but should appeal to a wide range of humanists and social scientists.

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PARTLY CLOUDY

by David L. Perry

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Subject: Espionage, American - Moral And Ethical Aspects, Military Ethics - United States, Military Interrogation - Moral And Ethical Aspects - United States, War - Moral And Ethical Aspects - United States,

“Partly Cloudy: Ethics in War, Espionage, Covert Action, and Interrogation explores a number of wrenching ethical issues and challenges faced by military and intelligence personnel. David L. Perry provides a robust and practical approach to analyzing ethical issues in war and intelligence operations and applies careful reasoning to issues of vital importance today, such as torturing detainees, employing espionage to penetrate terrorist cells, mounting covert action to undermine the power of hostile regimes, using discrimination and proportionality in military operations, avoiding atrocities in combat and counterinsurgency, and cultivating moral wisdom.”–BOOK JACKET.

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BRAIN FICTION

by William Hirstein

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Subject: Deception, Mythomania, Self-deception,

CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title for 2005Some neurological patients exhibit a striking tendency to confabulate—to construct false answers to a question while genuinely believing that they are telling the truth. A stroke victim, for example, will describe in detail a conference he attended over the weekend when in fact he has not left the hospital. Normal people, too, sometimes have a tendency to confabulate; rather than admitting “I don’t know,” some people will make up an answer or an explanation and express it with complete conviction. In Brain Fiction, William Hirstein examines confabulation and argues that its causes are not merely technical issues in neurology or cognitive science but deeply revealing about the structure of the human intellect.Hirstein describes confabulation as the failure of a normal checking or censoring process in the brain—the failure to recognize that a false answer is fantasy, not reality. Thus, he argues, the creative ability to construct a plausible-sounding response and some ability to check that response are separate in the human brain. Hirstein sees the dialectic between the creative and checking processes—”the inner dialogue”—as an important part of our mental life. In constructing a theory of confabulation, Hirstein integrates perspectives from different fields, including philosophy, neuroscience, and psychology to achieve a natural mix of conceptual issues usually treated by philosophers with purely empirical issues; information about the distribution of certain blood vessels in the prefrontal lobes of the brain, for example, or the behavior of split-brain patients can shed light on the classic questions of philosophy of mind, including questions about the function of consciousness. This first book-length study of confabulation breaks ground in both philosophy and cognitive science.

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Alasdair MacIntyre Critic of modernity

by Peter Mcmylor

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Subject: Civilization, Modern, MacIntyre, Alasdair C, Philosophy And Social Sciences,

This book is the first full length account of the significance of MacIntyre’s work for the social sciences. MacIntyre’s moral philosophy is shown to provide the resources for a powerful critique of liberalism. His discussion of the managerist and emotivist roots of modern culture is seen as the inspiration for a critical social science of Modernity.

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COLLECTED WORKS OF DUGALD STEWART VOL.6

by Dugald Stewart

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Subject: ,

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