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بایگانی‌های BX1795.H82 .S32 2009 - خانه اخلاق پژوهان جوان
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Intricate Ethics

by F.M. Kamm

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Subject: Consequentialism (Ethics), Ethics, Responsibility,

“Reading F.M. Kamm’s latest book is like watching a brilliant astronomer map an uncharted galaxy–the meticulousness and the display of mental stamina must inspire awe. There is a kind of beauty in the performance alone. Intricate Ethics is a major event in normative ethical theory by a living master of the subject…. In the end, professional moral philosophers cannot reasonably ignore Intricate Ethics…. Kamm continues to prove herself the most imaginative, detail-oriented deontologist writing in English today… Professor Kamm is in a class by herself.”–Jeffrey Brand-Ballard, Notre Dame Philosophical Reviews “The operative word in this masterful work is ‘intricate.’ Watching Kamm’s mind dissect and reconstruct different cases is like watching a juggler, riding a unicycle, carrying on a conversation, while getting dressed. It is a glorious celebration of what moral philosophy does best, and what one of its most gifted practitioners can do to enlighten our understanding of the most pressing ethical issues of our time. But it is also a rich playground for empirically minded philosophers and psychologists who want to play with the clever class of dilemmas that Kamm has created, dilemmas that will both amuse and torture generations of people.”–Marc Hauser is a Harvard College Professor and author of “Moral Minds” “Frances Kamm once again proves herself to be an astonishingly subtle and creative defender of a deontological outlook. Anyone at all interested in normative ethics will find something of value in Intricate Ethics. There are striking and original views on a wide range of topics. And no one–absolutely no one–compares to Kamm when it comes to constructing relevant test cases and carefully assessing our intuitive reactions to them. This is a master at work, at the height of her powers.”–Shelly Kagan, Clark Professor of Philosophy, Yale University “Intricate Ethics fully justifies its title. It is as deep, subtle, imaginative, and analytically rigorous as any work in moral philosophy written in a great many years. It is dense with highly original and fertile ideas supported by powerful and ingenious arguments. This book amply confirms Frances Kamm’s standing as one of the greatest living philosophers.–Jeff McMahan, Rutgers University “Kamm’s virtuosity in hypothesizing cases in defense or refutation of moral principles remains unsurpassed. Intricate Ethics is also a testament to the fruitfulness of this rarefied method of ethics. One might have thought that, having already devoted several hundred path-breaking pages to the topic of nonconsequentialism in her earlier two-volume Morality, Mortality, it would have been impossible to break much new ground in this sequel. Yet what Kamm has to say here on the topics of harming and saving from harm is as novel, arresting, and insightful as ever.”–Michael Otsuka, Professor of Philosophy, University College London “Kamm …is the most sophisticated of the contemporary exponents of “intuitionist” or “nonconsequentialist” ethics…No one else makes such extraordinarily meticulous and penetrating attempts to extract the principles behind our ordinary moral intuitions…I highly recommend it as an inclusive and subtle attempt to work out nonconsequentialism on an intuitionist basis. As a bonus, Intricate Ethics also offers searching analyses of the work of Peter Unger, Peter Singer, Bernard Gert, T.M. Scanlon, Daniel Kahneman and Amos Tversky.”–Ingmar Persson, Times Literary Supplement

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Plato’s Moral Psychology: Intellectualism, the Divided Soul, and the Desire for Good

by Rachana Kamtekar

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Subject: Ethics, Psychology And Philosophy, Soul,

Plato’s Moral Psychology is concerned with Plato’s account of the soul and its impact on our living well or badly, virtuously or viciously. The core of Plato’s moral psychology is his account of human motivation, and Rachana Kamtekar argues that throughout the dialogues Plato maintains that human beings have a natural desire for our own good, and that actions and conditions contrary to this desire are involuntary (from which follows the ‘Socratic paradox’ that wrongdoing is involuntary). Our natural desire for our own good may be manifested in different ways: by our pursuit of what we calculate is best, but also by our pursuit of pleasant or fine things – pursuits which Plato assigns to distinct parts of the soul. Kamtekar develops a very different interpretation of Plato’s moral psychology from the mainstream interpretation, according to which Plato first proposes that human beings only do what we believe to be the best of the things we can do (‘Socratic intellectualism’) and then in the middle dialogues rejects this in favour of the view that the soul is divided into parts with some good-dependent and some good-independent motivations (‘the divided soul’).

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Ginet On Action

by Carl Ginet

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Subject: Act (Philosophy), Free Will And Determinism, Intentionality (Philosophy),

This book deals with foundational issues in the history of the nature of action, the intentionality of action, the compatibility of freedom of action with determinism, and the explanation of action. Ginet’s is a volitional view: that every action has as its core a “simple” mental action. He develops a sophisticated account of the individuation of actions and also propounds a challenging version of the view that freedom of action is incompatible with determinism.

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Value, Respect, and Attachment

by Joseph Raz

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Subject: Ethics, Respect, Values,

Joseph Raz is one of the world’s leading philosophers of law, and in his Seeley Lectures he reflects critically on one of the central tenets of ethical thought, the view that values are universal. He concludes that we should try to understand what is and what is not entailed by the universality of values, with such an understanding central to the future hopes of mankind, rather than abandoning the belief altogether. This is a concise humane account of some fundamental questions of social existence.

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