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بایگانی‌های BJ1025 .G675 2004 - خانه اخلاق پژوهان جوان
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ON THE ORIGIN OF THE RIGHT TO COPY

by Ronan Deazley

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Subject: Copyright, Copyright Licenses, Copyright/ Great Britain/ History/ 18th Century, Law / Criminal Law / General,

Taking as its point of departure the lapse of the Licensing Act 1662 in 1695, this book examines the lead up to the passage of the Statute of Anne 1709 and charts the movement of copyright law throughout the eighteenth century, culminating in the House of Lords decision in Donaldson v Becket (1774). The established reading of copyright’s development throughout this period, from the 1709 Act to the pronouncement in Donaldson, is that it was transformed from a publisher’s right to an author’s right; that is, legislation initially designed to regulate the marketplace of the bookseller and publisher evolved into an instrument that functioned to recognise the proprietary inevitability of an author’s intellectual labours. The historical narrative which unfolds within this book presents a challenge to that accepted orthodoxy. The traditional analysis of the development of copyright in eighteenth-century Britain is revealed as exhibiting the character of long-standing myth, and the centrality of the modern proprietary author as the raison d’être of the copyright regime is displaced.

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Nature Of Normativity

by Ralph Wedgwood

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Subject: Electronic Books, Normativity, Normativity (Ethics), Philosophy / Epistemology,

The Nature of Normativity presents a complete theory about the nature of normative thought –that is, the sort of thought that is concerned with what ought to be the case, or what we ought to do or think. Ralph Wedgwood defends a kind of realism about the normative, according to which normative truths or facts are genuinely part of reality. Anti-realists often complain that realism gives rise to demands for explanation that it cannot adequately meet. What is the nature of these normative facts? How could we ever know them or even refer to them in language or thought? Wedgwood accepts that any adequate version of realism must answer these explanatory demands. However, he seeks to show that these demands can be met — in large part by relying on a version of the idea, which has been much discussed in recent work in the philosophy of mind, that the intentional is normative — that is, that there is no way of explaining the nature of the various sorts of mental states that have intentional or representational content (such as beliefs, judgments, desires, decisions, and so on), without stating normative facts. On the basis of this idea, Wedgwood provides a detailed systematic theory that deals with the following three areas: the meaning of statements about what ought to be; the nature of the facts stated by these statements; and what justifies us in holding beliefs about what ought to be.

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Sexual Morality in World Religions

by Geoffrey Parrinder

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Subject: Sex - Mythology, Sex - Religious Aspects, Sex Customs, Sexual Ethics,

An exploration of sex and religion together within the historical andontemporary contexts of each of the world’s major living religions, from thencient traditions and practices of both Eastern and Western religions to theodern influences of medicine, psychology and women’s rights. The book covers wide range of subjects, including marriage and celibacy, monogamy andolygamy, homosexuality, passion and love, veiling and harems, Yoga andantra, Yin and Yang, mystical union and symbolism.

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ON THE ETHICS OF WAR AND TERRORISM

by Uwe Steinhoff

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Subject: Terrorism/ Moral And Ethical Aspects, War/ Moral And Ethical Aspects,

In this book Uwe Steinhoff describes and explains the basic tenets of just war theory and gives a precise, succinct and highly critical account of its present status and of the most important and controversial current debates surrounding it. Rejecting certain in effect medieval assumptions of traditional just war theory and advancing a liberal outlook, Steinhoff argues that every single individual is a legitimate authority and has under certain circumstances the right to declare war on others or the state. He also argues that the just cause cannot be established independently of the other criteria of jus ad bellum (the justification of entering a war), except for right intention, which he interprets more leniently than the tradition does. Turning to jus in bello (which governs the conduct of a war) he criticizes the Doctrine of Double Effect and concludes that insofar as wars kill innocents, and be it as “collateral damage”, they cannot be just but at best justified as the lesser evil. Steinhoff gives particular attention to the question why soldiers, allegedly, are legitimate targets and civilians not. Discussing four approaches to the explanation of the difference he argues that the four principles underlying them all need to be taken into account and outlines how their weighing can proceed if applied to concrete cases. The resulting approach does not square the distinction between legitimate and illegitimate targets with the distinction between soldiers and civilians, which has extremely important consequences for the conduct of war. Finally, Steinhoff analyses the concept of terrorism and argues that some forms of “terrorism” are actually not terrorism at all and that even terrorism proper can under certain circumstances be justified.

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نتایج برای : BJ1025 .G675 2004
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