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بایگانی‌های 9780790595184 - خانه اخلاق پژوهان جوان
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Hegel and History

by Will Dudley

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Subject: Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich, History/ Philosophy, Philosophy / History & Surveys / General,

Nearly two centuries after declaring “the end of history,” Hegel remains a rich source of insights into our historical nature. The essays collected here interpret and develop those insights, while also challenging Hegel’s philosophical approach to comprehend present and future phenomena that he could neither experience nor imagine. They represent the very best in contemporary scholarship on Hegel and history, and collectively they address all of the important and disputed topics in the field: Hegel’s claim that history has an end, whether his philosophy of history is Eurocentric or racist, how elements of what he terms “subjective spirit” and “objective spirit” contribute to historical development, and the relationship between religion and his philosophy of history.

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MORAL RESPONSIBILITY

by Nicole A. Vincent

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Subject: Medical,

It is well over a decade since John Fischer and Mark Ravizza – and before them, Jay Wallace and Daniel Dennett – defended responsibility from the threat of determinism. But defending responsibility from determinism is a potentially endless and largely negative enterprise; it can go on for as long as dissenting voices remain, and although such work strengthens the theoretical foundations of these theories, it won’t necessarily build anything on top of those foundations, nor will it move these theories into new territory or explain how to apply them to practical contexts.To this end, the papers in this volume address these more positive challenges by exploring how compatibilist responsibility theory can be extended and/or applied in a range of practical contexts. For instance, how is the narrow philosophical concept of responsibility that was defended from the threat of determinism related to the plural notions of responsibility present in everyday discourse, and how might this more fine-grained understanding of responsibility open up new vistas and challenges for compatibilist theory? What light might compatibilism shed, and what light might be shed upon it, by political debates about access to public welfare in the context of responsibility for one’s own health, and by legal debates about the impact of self-intoxication on responsibility. Does compatibilist theory, which was originally designed to cater for analysis of individual actions, scale to scenarios that involve group action and collective responsibility – e.g. for harms due to human-induced climate change? This book’s chapters deal with a range of theoretical problems discussed in classic compatibilist literature – e.g. the relationship between responsibility and capacity, the role of historical tracing in discounting the exculpatory value of incapacities, and the justifiability of retributive punishment. But instead of motivating their discussions by focusing on the alleged threat that determinism poses to responsibility, these chapters’ authors have animated their discussions by tackling important practical problems which crop up in contemporary debates about responsibility. 

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the Fundamentals of Ethics

by Russ Shafer-Landau

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Subject: Philosophy,

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The Structural Evolution of Morality

by Jason McKenzie Alexander

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Subject: Ethics, Evolutionary, Moral Development, Philosophy / General,

It is certainly the case that morality governs the interactions that take place between individuals. But what if morality exists because of these interactions? This book argues for the claim that much of the behaviour we view as ‘moral’ exists because acting in that way benefits each of us to the greatest extent possible, given the socially structured nature of society. Drawing upon aspects of evolutionary game theory, the theory of bounded rationality, and computational models of social networks, it shows both how moral behaviour can emerge in socially structured environments, and how it can persist even when it is not typically viewed as ‘rational’ from a traditional economic perspective. Since morality consists of much more than mere behaviour, this book also provides a theory of how moral principles and the moral sentiments play an indispensable role in effective choice, acting as ‘fast and frugal heuristics’ in social decision contexts.

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