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بایگانی‌های 9 - خانه اخلاق پژوهان جوان
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Believing by faith

by John Bishop

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Subject: Christian Ethics, Faith And Reason, Philosophical Theology, Reformed Epistemology,

Can it be justifiable to commit oneself ‘by faith’ to a religious claim when its truth lacks adequate support from one’s total available evidence? In Believing by Faith, John Bishop defends a version of fideism inspired by William James’s 1896 lecture ‘The Will to Believe’. By critiquing both ‘isolationist’ (Wittgensteinian) and Reformed epistemologies of religious belief, Bishop argues that anyone who accepts that our publicly available evidence is equally open to theistic and naturalist/atheistic interpretations will need to defend a modest fideist position. This modest fideism understands theistic commitment as involving ‘doxastic venture’ – practical commitment to propositions held to be true through ‘passional’ causes (causes other than the recognition of evidence of or for their truth). While Bishop argues that concern about the justifiability of religious doxastic venture is ultimately moral concern, he accepts that faith-ventures can be morally justifiable only if they are in accord with the proper exercise of our rational epistemic capacities. Legitimate faith-ventures may thus never be counter-evidential, and, furthermore, may be made supra-evidentially only when the truth of the faith-proposition concerned necessarily cannot be settled on the basis of evidence. Bishop extends this Jamesian account by requiring that justifiable faith-ventures should also be morally acceptable both in motivation and content. Hard-line evidentialists, however, insist that all religious faith-ventures are morally wrong. Bishop thus conducts an extended debate between fideists and hard-line evidentialists, arguing that neither side can succeed in establishing the irrationality of its opposition. He concludes by suggesting that fideism may nevertheless be morally preferable, as a less dogmatic, more self-accepting, even a more loving, position than its evidentialist rival.

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In Defense of the Land Ethic: Essays in Environmental Philosophy (Suny Series in Philosophy and Bio Logy)

by J. Baird Callicott

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Subject: Environmental Ethics, Environmental Protection - Moral And Ethical Aspects,

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Soul, Psyche, Brain

by Bulkeley Kelly

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Subject: Brain, Brain/ Physiology, Brain/ Religious Aspects,

Soul, Psyche, Brainis a collection of essays that address the relationships between neuroscience, religion and human nature. The book highlights some startling new developments in neuroscience that have many people rethinking spirituality, the mind-body connection, and cognition in general. Soul, Psyche, Brainexplores questions like: What are the neurological effects of meditation and prayer? How does the mind develop psychological and spiritual self-awareness? And what are the practical implications of brain-mind science for religious faith and moral reasoning?

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NOT IN FRONT OF THE CHILDREN

by Marjorie Heins

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Subject: Censorship - History - United States, National Characteristics, American - History, Obscenity (Law) - United States, United States - Moral Conditions,

From Huckleberry Finn to Harry Potter, from Internet filters to the v-chip, censorship exercised on behalf of children and adolescents is often based on the assumption that they must be protected from “indecent” information that might harm their development—whether in art, in literature, or on a Web site. But where does this assumption come from, and is it true? In Not in Front of the Children, Marjorie Heins explores the fascinating history of “indecency” laws and other restrictions aimed at protecting youth. From Plato’s argument for rigid censorship, through Victorian laws aimed at repressing libidinous thoughts, to contemporary battles over sex education in public schools and violence in the media, Heins guides us through what became, and remains, an ideological minefield. With fascinating examples drawn from around the globe, she suggests that the “harm to minors” argument rests on shaky foundations.

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Routledge Philosophy GuideBook to Hume on morality

by James Bailie

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Subject: Ethics, Hume, David, Hume, David - Ethics, Philosophy / Ethics & Moral Philosophy,

David Hume (1711-76) is one of the greatest figures in the history of British philosophy. Of all of Hume’s writings, the philosophically most profound is undoubtedly his first,A Treatise on Human Nature.Hume on Moralityintroduces and assesses: Hume’s life and the background of theTreatise; the ideas and text in theTreatise; and Hume’s continuing importance to philosophy. James Baillie provides us with a map to Books 2 and 3 of theTreatise,focusing on Hume’s theory of the passions and morality. This book sets out its principal ideas and arguments of theTreatisein a clear and readable way and is ideal for anyone coming to Hume’s work for the first time.

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