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بایگانی‌های 649 - خانه اخلاق پژوهان جوان
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Hard Luck

by Neil Levy

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Subject: Philosophy,

The concept of luck has played an important role in debates concerning free will and moral responsibility, yet participants in these debates have relied upon an intuitive notion of what luck is. Neil Levy develops an account of luck, which is then applied to the free will debate. He argues that the standard luck objection succeeds against common accounts of libertarian free will, but that it is possible to amend libertarian accounts so that they are no more vulnerable to luck than is compatibilism. But compatibilist accounts of luck are themselves vulnerable to a powerful luck objection: historical compatibilisms cannot satisfactorily explain how agents can take responsibility for their constitutive luck; non-historical compatibilisms run into insurmountable difficulties with the epistemic condition on control over action. Levy argues that because epistemic conditions on control are so demanding that they are rarely satisfied, agents are not blameworthy for performing actions that they take to be best in a given situation. It follows that if there are any actions for which agents are responsible, they are akratic actions; but even these are unacceptably subject to luck. Levy goes on to discuss recent non-historical compatibilisms, and argues that they do not offer a viable alternative to control-based compatibilisms. He suggests that luck undermines our freedom and moral responsibility no matter whether determinism is true or not.

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Most Human Human

by Brian Christian

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Subject: Computers / Intelligence (AI) & Semantics, Computers / Machine Theory, Human Beings, Philosophical Anthropology,

For the first time in history, we are interacting with computer programmes so sophisticated that we think they’re human beings . . .This is a remarkable feat of human ingenuity, but what does it say about our humanity? Are we really no better at being human than the machines we’ve created? In this brilliantly witty and inspiring investigation, Brian Christian explores first-hand the urgent moral and practical implications of this remarkable development. Drawing on science, philosophy, literature and the arts, and touching on aspects of life as diverse as language, work, school, chess, speed-dating, art, video games, psychiatry and the law, The Most Human Human shows that far from being a threat to our humanity, computers provide a better means than ever before of understanding what it is.In this book, you will discover . . . Why computers can fly planes but can’t ride bikes How Deep Blue beat Gary Kasparov but why it didn’t count Why arguments have in common with amnesia Why speaking to a computer is like a bad date What life is all about and how to live it better’A lively personable read and an empowering affirmation of our species.’ 4* Time Out ‘A fast-paced, witty and thoroughly winning style . . . fabulous.’ Publishers Weekly’An eye-opening inquest.’ David Eagleman, author’Strange, fertile and sometimes beautiful.’ Matthew Crawford, author

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MORALE AND ITS ENEMIES

by William Ernest Hocking

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Subject: Morale,

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Ethics and Jurisprudence for Dentists

by Edmund Noyes

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Subject: ,

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PRACTICAL REALITY

by Jonathan Dancy

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Subject: Ethics, Philosophy Of Mind,

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