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بایگانی‌های 3220 - خانه اخلاق پژوهان جوان
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THE SCIENCE OF EVIL

by Simon Baron-Cohen

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Subject: Cruelty, Empathy, Psychology / General,

Borderline personality disorder, autism, narcissism, psychosis, Asperger’s: All of these syndromes have one thing in common–lack of empathy. In some cases, this absence can be dangerous, but in others it can simply mean a different way of seeing the world.In Cruel or Unusual Simon Baron-Cohen, an award-winning British researcher who has investigated psychology and autism for decades, develops a new brain-based theory of human cruelty. A true psychologist, however, he examines social and environmental factors that can erode empathy, including neglect and abuse. Based largely on Baron-Cohen’s own research, Cruel or Unusual will change the way we understand and treat human cruelty.

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Emile Durkheim on Morality and Society (Heritage of Sociology Series)

by Emile Durkheim

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Subject: Social Ethics, Social Science / General, Social Science / Sociology / General, Sociology,

Emile Durkheim is best known in this country as a great sociologist and methodologist. Yet it was Durkheim’s reflections on morality and society that spoke most deeply of his vital concerns. In his informative introduction to this work, Robert N. Bellah describes Durkheim as moralist, philosopher, theologian, and prophet, as well as sociologist, and the selections in this volume are representative of these aspects of Durkheim’s many-faceted scholarship. The first two selections of the volume set the context for the development of Durkheim’s sociology of morality. Section I, “The French Tradition of Social Thought,” gives Durkheim’s picture of how his sociology is to be situated relative to the general French tradition. Section II, “Sociology and Social Action,” shows Durkheim grappling with moral and political issues in his society and indicates the immediate social context of his thinking. The remaining selections indicate some of the major substantive areas of Durkheim’s sociology of morality. Section III, taken from The Division of Labor in Society, demonstrates his basically evolutionary approach to the development of moral norms in society. Section IV, “The Learning of Morality,” gives examples of Durkheim’s work on socialization. Section V, “Social Creativity,” deals with the important question of how new moral norms arise in society.

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A NEW STOICISM

by Lawrence C. Becker

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Subject: Ethics, Happiness, Stoics,

What would stoic ethics be like today if stoicism had survived as a systematic approach to ethical theory, if it had coped successfully with the challenges of modern philosophy and experimental science? A New Stoicism proposes an answer to that question, offered from within the stoic tradition but without the metaphysical and psychological assumptions that modem philosophy and science have abandoned. Lawrence Becker argues that a secular version of the stoic ethical project, based on contemporary cosmology and developmental psychology; provides the basis for a sophisticated form of ethics naturalism, in which virtually all the hard doctrines of the ancient Stoics can be clearly restated and defended.”From the beginning to the end of this compact but lucid book, Becker skillfully brings to life both the arguments and the intuitive appeal of stoicism…. In its essentials (the new stoicism is recognizable, with its particularly astringent rational charm enhanced by Becker’s focused and self-disciplined argumentation.

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Children’s Interpersonal Trust: Sensitivity to Lying, Deception and

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Subject: Deception, Promises, Trust In Children, Truthfulness And Falsehood,

Social philosophers during the course of history and modern day researchers have expressed the belief that interpersonal trust is essential for harmonious and cooperative social relationships among people. Interpersonal trust has been described as the social cement that binds interpersonal relationships in society and is necessary for its survival. This book provides researchers and professionals who deal with children an insight into a critical facet of children’s social functioning. Interpersonal trust is conceptualized as children’ s confidence that a person’s verbal or nonverbal communication accurately conveys facts or internal states. This includes children’s sensitivity to lying, deception and promise violations.

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