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بایگانی‌های 2955 - خانه اخلاق پژوهان جوان
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Ethics Done Right

by Elijah Millgram

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Subject: Conduct Of Life, Ethics, Practical Reason, Reasoning,

Ethics Done Right examines how practical reasoning can be put into the service of ethical and moral theory. Elijah Millgram demonstrates that the key to thinking about ethics is to understand generally how to make decisions. The papers in this volume support a methodological approach and trace the connections between two kinds of theory in utilitarianism, Kantian ethics, virtue ethics, Hume’s moral philosophy, and moral particularism. Unlike other studies of ethics, the book does not advocate a particular moral theory. Rather, it offers a tool that enables one to decide for oneself.

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Between Facts And Norms

by Ju308rgen Habermas

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Subject: Democracy - Social Aspects, Rule Of Law - Social Aspects, Sociological Jurisprudence,

In Between Facts and Norms Jurgen Habermas works out the legal and political implications of his Theory of Communicative Action (1981), bringing to fruition the project announced with his publication of The Structural Transformation of the Public Sphere in 1962. This new work is a major contribution to recent debates on the rule of law and the possibilities of democracy in postindustrial societies, but it is much more.The introduction by William Rehg succinctly captures the special nature of the work, noting that it offers a sweeping, sociologically informed conceptualization of law and basic rights, a normative account of the rule of law and the constitutional state, an attempt to bridge normative and empirical approaches to democracy, and an account of the social context required for democracy. Finally, the work frames and caps these arguments with a bold proposal for a new paradigm of law that goes beyond the dichotomies that have afflicted modern political theory from its inception and that still underlie current controversies between so- called liberals and civic republicans.The book includes a postscript written in 1994, which restates the argument in light of its initial reception, and two appendixes, which cover key developments that preceded the book.Habermas himself was actively involved in the translation, adapting the text as necessary to make it more accessible to English-speaking readers.

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CRITIQUE OF JUDGEMENT

by Immanuel Kant

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Subject: Aesthetics - Early Works To 1800, Judgment (Logic) - Early Works To 1800, Teleology - Early Works To 1800,

In THE CRITIQUE OF JUDGMENT (1790), Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) seeks to establish the a priori principles underlying the faculty of judgement, just as he did in his previous critiques of pure and practical reason. The first part deals with the subject of our aesthetic sensibility; we respond to certain natural phenomena as beautiful, says Kant, when we recognise in nature a harmonious order that satisfies the mind’s own need for order. The second half of the critique concentrates on the apparent teleology in nature’s design of organisms. Kant argues that our minds are inclined to see purpose and order in nature and this is the main principle underlying all of our judgements. Although this might imply a super sensible Designer, Kant insists that we cannot prove a supernatural dimension or the existence of God. Such considerations are beyond reason and are solely the province of faith.

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Choosing Character

by Jonathan Jacobs

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Subject: Character, Free Will And Determinism, Responsibility,

Are there key respects in which character and character defects are voluntary? Can agents with serious vices be rational agents? Jonathan Jacobs answers in the affirmative. Moral character is shaped through voluntary habits, including the ways we habituate ourselves, Jacobs believes. Just as individuals can voluntarily lead unhappy lives without making unhappiness an end, so can they degrade their ethical characters through voluntary action that does not have establishment of vice as its end. Choosing Character presents an account of ethical disability, expanding the domain of responsibility and explicating the role of character in ethical cognition.Jacobs contends that agents become ethically disabled voluntarily when their habits impair their ability to properly appreciate ethical considerations. Such agents are rational, responsible individuals who are yet incapable of virtuous action. The view develops and modifies Aristotelian claims concerning the fixity of character. Jacobs’ interpretation is developed in contrast to the overlooked work of Maimonides, who also used Aristotelian resources but argued for the possibility of character change. The notion of ethical disability has profound ramifications for ethics and for current debates about blame and punishment.

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Companions in Guilt

by Hallvard Lillehammer

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Subject: Ethics,

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