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بایگانی‌های 161 - خانه اخلاق پژوهان جوان
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AGAINST ABSOLUTE GOODNESS

by Richard Kraut

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Subject: Philosophy,

Are there things we should value because they are, quite simply, good? If so, such things might be said to have “absolute goodness.” They would be good simpliciter or full stop – not good for someone, not good of a kind, but nonetheless good (period). They might also be called “impersonal values.” The reason why we ought to value such things, if there are any, would merely be the fact that they are, quite simply, good things. In the twentieth century, G. E. Moore was the great champion of absolute goodness, but he is not the only philosopher who posits the existence and importance of this property. Against these friends of absolute goodness, Richard Kraut here builds on the argument he made in What is Good and Why, demonstrating that goodness is not a reason-giving property – in fact, there may be no such thing. It is, he holds, an insidious category of practical thought, because it can be and has been used to justify what is harmful and condemn what is beneficial. Impersonal value draws us away from what is good for persons. His strategy for opposing absolute goodness is to search for domains of practical reasoning in which it might be thought to be needed, and this leads him to an examination of a wide variety of moral phenomena: pleasure, knowledge, beauty, love, cruelty, suicide, future generations, bio-diversity, killing in self-defense, and the extinction of our species. Even persons, he proposes, should not be said to have absolute value. The special importance of human life rests instead on the great advantages that such lives normally offer. “When one reads this, one sees the possibility of real philosophical progress. If Kraut is right, I’d be wrong to say that this book is good, period. Or even great, period. But I will say that, as a work of philosophy, and for those who read it, it is excellent indeed.” –Russ Shafer-Landau, University of Wisconsin-Madison

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The spirit of the soil

by Paul B. Thompson

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Subject: Agriculture - Environmental Aspects, Agriculture - Moral And Ethical Aspects, Environmental Ethics,

The Spirit of the Soil examines environmental problems in industrial agriculture and challenges environmentalists to think more deeply about the ethical dimensions of agriculture’s impact on the environment. Professor Thompson considers environmental problems in industrial agriculture, such as the use of chemical pesticides and biotechnology, from an ethical perspective.

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Picturing islam

by Kenneth M. George

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Subject: Art And Anthropology, Art And Anthropology - Indonesia - Aceh, Art And Anthropology - Indonesia - Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, Art And Religion - Indonesia - Aceh,

Picturing Islam: Art and Ethics in a Muslim Lifeworld explores issues of religion, nationalism, ethnicity, and globalization through the life and work of the prominent contemporary Indonesian artist Abdul Djalil Pirous. + Presents a unique addition to the anthropology of art and religion + Demonstrates the impact of Islam, ethnicity, nationalism, and globalization on the work and life of an internationally recognized postcolonial artist + Weaves together visual and narrative materials to tell an engrossing story of a cosmopolitan Muslim artist + Looks at contemporary Islamic art and the way it has been produced in the world’s largest Muslim nation, Indonesia

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Practical Reflection

by J. David Velleman

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Subject: ,

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