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بایگانی‌های 591.56 - خانه اخلاق پژوهان جوان
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Practical Intelligence and the Virtues

by Daniel C. Russell

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Subject: Ethics, Virtue,

One of the most important developments in modern moral philosophy is the resurgence of interest in the virtues. In this new book, Daniel Russell explores two important hopes for such an approach to moral thought: that starting from the virtues should cast light on what makes an action right, and that notions like character, virtue, and vice should yield a plausible picture of human psychology. Russell argues that the key to each of these hopes is an understanding of the cognitive and deliberative skills involved in the virtues. If right action is defined in terms of acting generously or kindly, then these virtues must involve skills for determining what the kind or generous thing to do would be on a given occasion. Likewise, Russell argues that understanding virtuous action as the intelligent pursuit of virtuous goals yields a promising picture of the psychology of virtue. This book develops an Aristotelian account of the virtue of practical intelligence or “phronesis”–an excellence of deliberating and making choices–which Russell argues is a necessary part of every virtue. This emphasis on the roots of the virtues in the practical intellect contrasts with ambivalence about the practical intellect in much recent work on the virtues–a trend Russell argues is ultimately perilous for virtue theory. This book also takes a penetrating look at issues like the unity of the virtues, responsibility for character, and that elusive figure, ‘the virtuous person’. Written in a clear and careful manner, Practical Intelligence and the Virtues will appeal to philosophers and students alike in moral philosophy and moral psychology.

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ETHICS AND STATECRAFT

by Cathal J. Nolan

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Subject: International Relations, International Relations - Moral And Ethical Aspects, Philosophy / Political, Political Science / International Relations / General,

This revised edition of IEthics and StatecraftR has been reorganized to better situate chapters that play to one another thematically, on peacemaking, the ethics and statecraft of war, and the statecraft of major international reform, and two new chapters, on Theodore Roosevelt and the Vietnam War, respectively, have been added to this classic work. The contributions remain centrally concerned with moral reasoning about important decisions taken by key statesmen in times of war, peace, and transformation, arguing that national leaders-including realists-have always concerned themselves with normative constraints on power, both their own and that of others. This revised edition of IEthics and StatecraftR has been reorganized to better situate chapters that play to one another thematically, on peacemaking, the ethics and statecraft of war, and the statecraft of major international reform, and two new chapters, on Theodore Roosevelt and the Vietnam War, respectively, have been added to this classic work. The contributions remain centrally concerned with moral reasoning about important decisions taken by key statesmen in times of war, peace, and transformation, arguing that national leaders-including realists-have always concerned themselves with normative constraints on power, both their own and that of others. This book posits that the problems of ethics in international relations are always conditioned by uncertainty, actors’ inexact knowledge of real-world conditions, and morally ambiguous outcomes. Contrary to the course assumptions of much IR theory, individual leaders remain the major conduit by which ethical concerns are deployed or ignored in the foreign policy of states. To ignore moral norms, which already govern international relations, is to ignore a key dimension of the subject; such an oversight will necessarily lead to a shallow analysis and a basic misunderstanding of how and why states behave as they do.

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Moral philosophy after 9/11

by Joseph Margolis

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Subject: Ethics, Ethics/ United States, Philosophy / General, September 11 Terrorist Attacks, 2001,

Were the perpetrators of the 9/11 attacks courageous “freedom fighters” or despicable terrorist murderers? Eschewing the resort to universal moral principles favored by traditional Anglo-American analytic philosophy, Joseph Margolis sets out to sketch an alternative approach that accepts the lack of any neutral ground or privileged normative perspective for deciding moral disputes.

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