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بایگانی‌های Earnest Gellner - خانه اخلاق پژوهان جوان
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Ethics of Computer Games

by Miguel Sicart

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Subject: Video Games, Video Games - Philosophy, Video Games/ Moral And Ethical Aspects,

Despite the emergence of computer games as a dominant cultural industry (and the accompanying emergence of computer games as the subject of scholarly research), we know little or nothing about the ethics of computer games. Considerations of the morality of computer games seldom go beyond intermittent portrayals of them in the mass media as training devices for teenage serial killers. In this first scholarly exploration of the subject, Miguel Sicart addresses broader issues about the ethics of games, the ethics of playing the games, and the ethical responsibilities of game designers. He argues that computer games are ethical objects, that computer game players are ethical agents, and that the ethics of computer games should be seen as a complex network of responsibilities and moral duties. Players should not be considered passive amoral creatures; they reflect, relate, and create with ethical minds. The games they play are ethical systems, with rules that create gameworlds with values at play.Drawing on concepts from philosophy and game studies, Sicart proposes a framework for analyzing the ethics of computer games as both designed objects and player experiences. After presenting his core theoretical arguments and offering a general theory for understanding computer game ethics, Sicart offers case studies examining single-player games (using Bioshock as an example), multiplayer games (illustrated by Defcon), and online gameworlds (illustrated by World of Warcraft) from an ethical perspective. He explores issues raised by unethical content in computer games and its possible effect on players and offers a synthesis of design theory and ethics that could be used as both analytical tool and inspiration in the creation of ethical gameplay.

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Ideologies of Forgetting

by Gina Marie Weaver

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Subject: Rape As A Weapon Of War - Vietnam - History - 20th Century, Rape Victims/ Vietnam, Vietnam War, 1961-1975 - Atrocities,

Rape has long been a part of war, and recent conflicts in Bosnia, Rwanda, and Darfur demonstrate that it may be becoming an even more integral strategy of modern warfare. In contrast to the media attention to sexual violence against women in these recent conflicts, however, the incidence and consequences of rape in the Vietnam War have been largely overlooked. Using testimony, oral accounts, literature, and film, Ideologies of Forgetting focuses on the rape and sexual abuse of Vietnamese women by U.S. soldiers during the Vietnam War, and argues that the erasure and elision of these practices of sexual violence in the U.S. popular imagination perpetuate the violent masculinity central to contemporary U.S. military culture. Gina Marie Weaver claims that recognition of this violence is important not just for an accurate historical record, but also to truly understand the Vietnam veterans trauma, which often stems from his aggression rather than his victimization.

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Essays on Derek Parfit’s On What Matters

by Jussi Suikkanen

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Subject: Philosophy,

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Envy: The Seven Deadly Sins

by Joseph Epstein

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Subject: Deadly Sins, Envy, Philosophy / History & Surveys / General, Psychology / Emotions,

Malice that cannot speak its name, cold-blooded but secret hostility, impotent desire, hidden rancor and spite–all cluster at the center of envy. Envy clouds thought, writes Joseph Epstein, clobbers generosity, precludes any hope of serenity, and ends in shriveling the heart. Of the seven deadly sins, he concludes, only envy is no fun at all. Writing in a conversational, erudite, self-deprecating style that wears its learning lightly, Epstein takes us on a stimulating tour of the many faces of envy. He considers what great thinkers–such as John Rawls, Schopenhauer, and Nietzsche–have written about envy; distinguishes between envy, yearning, jealousy, resentment, and schadenfreude (“a hardy perennial in the weedy garden of sour emotions”); and catalogs the many things that are enviable, including wealth, beauty, power, talent, knowledge and wisdom, extraordinary good luck, and youth (or as the title of Epstein’s chapter on youth has it, “The Young, God Damn Them”). He looks at resentment in academia, where envy is mixed with snobbery, stirred by impotence, and played out against a background of cosmic injustice; and he offers a brilliant reading of Othello as a play more driven by Iago’s envy than Othello’s jealousy. He reveals that envy has a strong touch of malice behind it–the envious want to destroy the happiness of others. He suggests that envy of the astonishing success of Jews in Germany and Austria may have lurked behind the virulent anti-Semitism of the Nazis. As he proved in his best-selling Snobbery, Joseph Epstein has an unmatched ability to highlight our failings in a way that is thoughtful, provocative, and entertaining. If envy is no fun, Epstein’s Envy is truly a joy to read.

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نتایج برای : Earnest Gellner
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