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بایگانی‌های 320.51092 - خانه اخلاق پژوهان جوان
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Death and dying

by Samuel Southard

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Subject: Death - Bibliography, Grief - Bibliography, Terminal Care - Bibliography, Thanatology - Bibliography,

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The Origins of Morality

by Dennis Krebs

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Subject: Ethics, Evolutionary, Evolutionary Psychology,

Why do people behave in moral ways in some circumstances, but not in others? In order to account fully for morality, Dennis Krebs departs from traditional approaches to morality that suggest that children acquire morals through socialization, cultural indoctrination, and moral reasoning. He suggests that such approaches can be subsumed, refined, and revised gainfully within an evolutionary framework.

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John Locke and the ethics of belief

by Nicholas Wolterstorff

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Subject: Belief And Doubt, Business & Economics / Economics / General, Locke, John, Locke, John - Religion,

In this important study Nicholas Wolterstorff interprets and discusses the ethics of belief which Locke developed in the latter part of Book IV of his “Essay Concerning Human Understanding.” After lengthy discussion on the origin of ideas, the nature of language, and the nature of knowledge, Locke got around to arguing what he indicated in the opening Epistle to the Reader to be his overarching aim: how we ought to govern our belief, especially (though by no means only) on matters of religion and morality. Professor Wolterstorff shows that what above all placed this topic on Locke’s agenda was the collapse, in his day, of a once-unified moral and religious tradition in Europe into warring factions. Locke’s epistemology was thus a culturally and socially engaged one; it was his response to the cultural crisis of his day. Convinced also that of genuine knowledge we human beings have very little, Locke argued that instead of following tradition we ought to turn “to the things themselves” and let “Reason be your guide.” This view of Locke, in which centrality is given to the last book of the “Essay,” invites an interpretation of the origins of modern philosophy different from most of the current ones. Accordingly, after discussing Hume’s powerful attack on Locke’s recommended practice, Wolterstorff argues for Locke’s originality and discusses his contribution to the modernity of post-sixteenth-century philosophy.

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Against Ethics

by John D. Caputo

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Subject: Ethics, Philosophy / Ethics & Moral Philosophy, Philosophy / General,

” . . . one of the most important works on philosophical ethics written in recent years. . . . Caputo speaks with a passion and a concern that are rare in academic philosophy. His profound sense of humor deepens the passion of the viewpoints he develops.Oacute; Ntilde;Mark C. Taylor Ograve; . . . a counterethics whose multiple voices will be heard long after the trivializing arguments of many analytic ethicists have vanished and the arcane formulations of many postmoderns jettisoned. . . . The either/or of this dialogue is shown as the topos of a postmodern ethics.Oacute; Ntilde;Edith Wyschogrod In Against Ethics John D. Caputo undertakes a passionate, poetic, and satiric search for the basis of an ethics in the postmodern situation. Restaging Fear and Trembling, Caputo defends the notion of obligation without ethics, of responsibility without the support of ethical foundations. Retelling the story of Abraham and Isaac, Caputo strikes the pose of a postmodern-day Johannes de Silentio, accompanied by communications from such startling figures as Johanna de Silentio, Felix Sineculpa, and Magdalena de la Cruz. In dialogue with the thought of Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Levinas, Derrida, and Lyotard, Caputo forges a challenging, original account of what is possible and what is not possible for a continentalist ethics today.

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Reason and Prediction

by Simon Blackburn

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Subject: Induction, Induction (Logic), Prediction, Prediction (Logic),

An original study of the philosophical problems associated with inductive reasoning. Like most of the main questions in epistemology, the classical problem of induction arises from doubts about a mode of inference used to justify some of our most familiar and pervasive beliefs. The experience of each individual is limited and fragmentary, yet the scope of our beliefs is much wider; and it is the relation between belief and experience, in particular the belief that the future will in some respects resemble the past and the unobserved the observed, which forms the subject of this book. Dr Blackburn’s first aim is to state the problem of induction properly, to show that there does exist a genuine problem immune to the solutions in vogue at present, yet no tin principle insoluble. He gives an extended and original account of the concept of a reason and goes on to discuss prediction. In the end Dr Blackburn produces a rationale for belief in certain short-term predictions based on his reinterpretation of the classical principle of indifference. He claims that a justification for induction can be found along the lines he has suggested and must indeed be found there if anywhere.

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