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Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) is arguably the most influential of the Enlightenment Philosophers. In this outstanding introduction, Paul Guyer introduces and assesses all the major aspects of Kant’s thought. Beginning with a helpful overview of Kant’s life and times, Guyer introduces the “Copernican revolution” Kant brought about in metaphysics and epistemology, carefully introducing his arguments about the nature of experience, space and time in his most influential but difficult work,The Critique of Pure Reason.He gives a much-needed explanation of Kant’s famous theory of transcendental idealism, a cornerstone of his philosophy as a whole. He then examines Kant’s moral philosophy, clearly explaining Kant’s celebrated “categorical imperative” and his theories of duty, freedom of the will, and rights. Finally, he covers Kant’s aesthetics, in particular his arguments about the nature of beauty and the sublime and their relation to human freedom and happiness. A concluding chapterconsiders Kant’s legacy and his influence on the shape of contemporary philosophy. Kant is an ideal starting point for anyone coming to the philosopher for the first time, as well as those studying Kant in related disciplines.
Although Kantian autonomy is often considered independent of time and place, J.B. Schneewind’s landmark study, The Invention of Autonomy, has shown that much can be learned by analyzing Kant’s moral philosophy in the context of the history of modern moral philosophy. Distinguished contributors accordingly relate Kant’s work to the historical context of his predecessors (as well as the empirical context of human agency) in this valuable resource for professionals and advanced students.
All contentious moral issues–from gay marriage to abortion and affirmative action–raise difficult questions about the justification of moral beliefs. How can we be justified in holding on to our own moral beliefs while recognizing that other intelligent people feel quite differently and that many moral beliefs are distorted by self-interest and by corrupt cultures? Even when almost everyone agrees–e.g. that experimental surgery without consent is immoral–can we know that such beliefs are true? If so, how? These profound questions lead to fundamental issues about the nature of morality, language, metaphysics, justification, and knowledge. They also have tremendous practical importance in handling controversial moral questions in health care ethics, politics, law, and education. Sinnott-Armstrong here provides an extensive overview of these difficult subjects, looking at a wide variety of questions, including: Are any moral beliefs true? Are any justified? What is justified belief? The second half of the book explores various moral theories that have grappled with these issues, such as naturalism, normativism, intuitionism, and coherentism, all of which are attempts to answer moral skepticism. Sinnott-Armstrong argues that all these approaches fail to rule out moral nihilism–the view that nothing is really morally wrong or right, bad or good. Then he develops his own novel theory,–“moderate Pyrrhonian moral skepticism”–which concludes that some moral beliefs can be justified out of a modest contrast class but no moral beliefs can be justified out of an extreme contrast class. While explaining this original position and criticizing alternatives, Sinnott-Armstrong provides a wide-ranging survey of the epistemology of moral beliefs.
ما از اخلاق چه انتظاری داریم؟ این سوال شاید تاحدودی برای عموم مردم و یا متخصصان این رشته قابل پاسخ باشد؛ اینکه خوب بودن را به ما بیاموزد و در تنظیم روابط فردی م...
جشن کتاب تهران به ایستگاه سی و یکم رسیده است. حال و احوال نشر کتاب خوب نیست و باید فرهنگدوستان را به خرید و هدیه دادن کتاب ترغیب نمود. خانه اخلاقپژوهان جوان ب...
بنیاد کتابهای اخلاق اسلامی عمدتا پالایش جان از آلودگیها و آراستن آن به زیباییها است. اندیشه محوری این قبیل کتابها آن است که انسان فعلی آنی نیست که باید باشد...
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