بایگانی‌های B2766.E6 .G7 2011 - خانه اخلاق پژوهان جوان

Repeatedly and successfully, the celebrated Harvard philosopher Robert Nozick has reached out to a broad audience beyond the confines of his discipline, addressing ethical and social problems that matter to every thoughtful person. Here Nozick continues his search for the connections between philosophy and “ordinary” experience. In the lively and accessible style that his readers have come to expect, he offers a bold theory of rationality, the one characteristic deemed to fix humanity’s “specialness”. What are principles for? asks Nozick. We could act simply on whim, or maximize our self-interest and recommend that others do the same. As Nozick explores rationality of decision and rationality of belief, he shows how principles actually function in our day-to-day thinking and in our efforts to live peacefully and productively with one another. In Nozick’s view, misconceptions of rationality have resulted in many intractable philosophical problems. For example, the Kantian attempt to make principled behavior the sole ultimate standard of conduct extends rationality beyond its bounds. In this provocative volume, Nozick reformulates current decision theory to include the symbolic meaning of actions in areas from controlling impulses to fighting society’s war against drugs. The author proposes a new rule of rational decision, “maximizing decision-value”, which is a weighted sum of causal, evidential, and symbolic utility. In a particularly fascinating section of the book he traces the implications of this rule for the famous Prisoner’s Dilemma and for Newcomb’s Problem. Rationality of belief, according to Nozick, involves two aspects: support by reasons that make the belief credible, andgeneration by a process that reliably produces true beliefs. A new evolutionary account explains how some factual connections are instilled in us as seemingly self-evident, thus reversing the direction of Kant’s “Copernican Revolution”. Proposing a theory of rational belief that includes both the intellectual credibility of the belief and the practical consequences of believing it, Nozick also provides a fresh resolution of the “lottery paradox”. Finally, Nozick explores the scope and limits of instrumental rationality, or the effective and efficient pursuit of given goals, and suggests some new conditions on the rationality of goals. Throughout, the book combines daring speculations with detailed investigations to portray the nature and status of rationality and the essential role that imagination plays in this singular human aptitude.

INVARIANCES

by Robert Nozick

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Subject: Ethics, Objectivity, Relativity, Truth,

Excerpts from Robert Nozick’s “Invariances” Necessary truths are invariant across all possible worlds, contingent ones across only some. No wonder necessity lures philosophers. It is the flame, the philosopher the moth. Our intuitions that certain statements are necessary do not powerfully support this claim when natural selection would produce strong intuitions of their self-evidence, even were these statements (only) contingently true. Contemporary philosophers who give great weight to intuitions need to offer some account of why such intuitions are reliable and are to be trusted. Of course, if the purpose of such philosophy is merely to codify and systematize the intuitions that (for whatever reason) are held, then a philosophy built upon intuitions will need no further basis. And it will have no further validity. You might think that an insight into metaphysical impossibility could save the physicists much useless work by thereby excluding something as physically possible. Things seem to have worked in the opposite direction, though. Driven by a need to explain strange data, physicists formulate theories that countenance what previously was held to be metaphysically impossible. . . The physical tail wags the metaphysical dog. Why is there an objective world? Within evolutionary cosmology scientific laws might be viewed as the heritable structure of a universe, akin to what in biology would be an organism’s genetic endowment. . . Suppose that the reproductive process of a universe produces transformed offspring universes that differ from their parent. The greater the transformations that a law is invariant under, and the wider their number, the greater is that law’s heritability. The vast majority of the universes that exist through the processes of evolutionary cosmology, therefore, will exhibit laws that are invariant under a wide range of significant transformations. Such invariance, we have seen, is exactly what constitutes objectiveness. Evolutionary cosmology gives us objective worlds.

Renegotiating ethics in literature, philosophy, and theory

by Jane Adamson

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Subject: Criticism - Moral And Ethical Aspects, Literature And Morals,

Is it possible for postmodernism to offer coherent accounts of ethics in a fragmented social and intellectual world? In this collection, a distinguished international gathering of philosophers and literary scholars address the renewed interest in the literary text as a focus for ethical issues. Exponents of this trend include Charles Taylor, Bernard Williams, Iris Murdoch, Cora Diamond, Richard Rorty and Martha Nussbaum–a contributor and a key figure in this volume. This book assesses the significance of this development for ethical and literary theory.

Oxford Studies In Metaethics Volume Iv

by Russ Shafer-Landau

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Subject: Ethics, Language Arts & Disciplines / Linguistics / General, Philosophy / Ethics & Moral Philosophy, Philosophy / General,

Oxford Studies in Metaethics is the only publication devoted exclusively to original philosophical work in the foundations of ethics. It provides an annual selection of much of the best new scholarship being done in the field. Its broad purview includes work being done at the intersection of ethical theory and metaphysics, epistemology, philosophy of language, and philosophy of mind. The essays included in the series provide an excellent basis for understanding recent developments in the field; those who would like to acquaint themselves with the current state of play in metaethics would do well to start here.

Anarchism and Moral Philosophy

by Benjamin Franks

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Subject: Anarchism - Moral And Ethical Aspects,

This collection explores the nature and role of ethics within anarchist thought and practice, examining normative, meta-ethical and applied ethical issues through some of the theoretical insights of anarchism. It comprises contributions from international scholars working within the fields of philosophy and political theory.

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نویسنده و مترجم

Петер Л. Бергер 1913-200 Moore Barrington 19940329d1993 M. Y0frey50 Ba 20070713d2007 M. Y0frey0103 Ba 20171023d2017 K. Y0frey50 Ba A. Campbell Garnett A. John Simmons A. Marciano A. Montefiore A. Peczenik A. Peperzak A. Phillips Griffiths A. Sen A.C. Grayling A.E. Taylor A.J. Ayer A.K. Rogers A.R.C. Duncan A.W. Moore A.W. Musschenga Aaron Ben-Ze'ev Aaron Garrett Aaron Quinn Aaron Zimmerman Aaronette M. White Abdul Fadl Mohsin Ebrahim Abdulaziz Sachedina Abraham J. Twerski MD Abrol Fairweather Adam Ferguson Adam Morton Adam Smith Adam Thierer Adam Zachary Newton Adolf Wuttke Adrian Beard Adrian Henriques Adrian Thatcher Adrian Walsh Agusti Cerrillo Aisha Lemu Ajay Kumar Al-Rahman.Abd al-Salam, Samiyah Abd Aladdin M. Yaqub Alain Badiou Alan A. Block Alan Cruse Alan D. Schrift Alan Goldman Alan H. Goldman Alan Jean Nelson Alan L. Mittleman Alan Lawton Alan Marzilli Alan Millar Alan Rosenthal Alan Thomas Alan Wolfe Alasdair C. MacIntyre Alasdair MacIntyre Albert Borgmann Albert Leffingwell Albert Pike Albert R. Jonsen Albert Schweitzer Alberto Corsin Jimenez Albino Barrera Aldert Vrij Aleister Crowley Alejo Jose G. Sison Aleksi Kuokkanen Alessandro Ferrara Alessandro Giovannelli Alex Byrne Alex J. Bellamy Alex Miller Alex Pattakos Alexander Bain Alexander Broadie Alexander Grant Alexander Lucie-Smith Alexander McCall Smith Alexander Moseley Alexander Rosenberg Alexander Skutch Alfred Allan Alfred Bellebaum Alfred R. Mele Alfreda Dudley Ali Rattansi alice crary Aline H. Kalbian Alison Adam Alison Assiter Alison Hills Alison M. Jaggar Alison Stone Alistair Edwards Allan Edward Barsky Allan Gibbard Allen Buchanan Allen E. Buchanan Allen Verhey Allen W. Wood Almut Beringer Aloysius Martinich Alvin Goldman Alvin I. Goldman Alvin Plantinga Amanda Russell Beattie Amartya Sen Amber Esping Amelie Rorty Amihud Gilead Amina Memon Ammar Rayes Amos Tversky Amy DeRogatis Amyn B. Sajoo Ana Marta Gonzâalez Ana S. Iltis Ana Smith Iltis Anandi Hattiangadi Anatol Rapoport and Medicine Roundtable on Environmental Health Sciences Research Andreas Føllesdal Andreas Follesdal Andrew Bernstein Andrew Collier andrew dole Andrew Fisher Andrew G. Fiala Andrew Gibson Andrew I. Cohen Andrew Petersen Andrew Sneddon Andrews Reath Andy Miah Angelo Mazzocco Angus Dawson Angus Ritchie Anita M. Superson Anitta Kynsilehto Ann Farrell Ann Lathrop Ann Marie Mealey Anna Akasoy Anna Alexandrova Anna L. Peterson Anna-Teresa Tymieniecka Anne Campbell Anne Innis Dagg Anne J. Davis Anne Maclean Anne Margaret Baxley Anne Rowe Anne Thomson Anne W. Rowthorn Anne-Maree Farrell Anne-Marie Mooney Cotter Annette Baier Annette Barnes Annie Wood Besant Anscombe Anthony Ashley Cooper of Shaftesbury Anthony Bash Anthony Dyson Anthony Giddens Anthony Kenny Anthony O'Hear Anthony Weston DIMOCK Antonia Macaro Antonio S. Cua Ao Rorty Ara Paul Barsam Archibald B.D. Alexander Arda Denkel Ariel Colonomos Aristotelian Society Aristotle Arne Johan Vetlesen Arne Næss Arne Naess Arnold Geulincx Arnold Goldberg Arthur Brooks Arthur Glyn Leonard Arthur Isak Applbaum Arthur S.M. Lim Arthur Schopenhauer Arthur W. Galston Arthur W.H. Adkins Arto Laitinen Asbjorn Gronstad Ash William Ashley Ward Ashly Pinnington Asveld Aubrey Neal Aurora Plomer Austin Sarat Avicenna Avishai Margalit Axel Honneth Ayman Shihadeh B. Andrew Lustig B. Bosanquet B. Judd B.A. Lustig Bailey Baird Banks McDowell Baqari, Ahmad Mahir Barbara Herman Barbara Katz Rothman Barbara Killinger Ph.d Barbro Björkman Barrow Barry Emslie Barry Maher Barry Monk Barry Schwartz Bartha Maria Knoppers Basil Mitchell Bebhinn Donnelly Beirne Ann Ben A. Rich Ben Mepham Benda Hofmeyr Benedetto Croce Benedict de Spinoza Benedict Smith Benedictus de Spinoza Benjamin Franks Benjamin R. Tilghman Benjamin Rand Bernard Arthur Owen Williams Bernard Berofsky Bernard Bolzano Bernard Bosanquet Bernard E. 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LaFleur William Ransome William Rehg William Rhodes William Ritchie Sorley William Schweiker William Sweet William T. Cavanaugh William W. Fortenbaugh William Wallace Willis J. Jenkins Wilson Wolfgang Detel Wolfgang Edelstein Wolfram Hinzen Woodford Paul World Federation of Khoja Shia Ithna-Asheri Muslim Communities World Health Organization World Medical Association Wouter Floris Kalf Xiaohe Lu Xiaorong Li Yåuichi, Shionoya YiJun Tian Youru Wang Yulia Ustinova Yuval Lurie Yuval Noah Harari Ziba Mir-Hosseini Zygmunt Bauman Zylinska Joanna

محبوب ترین موضوعات

نتایج برای : B2766.E6 .G7 2011

نمایش 1 از 1 کتاب

NATURE OF RATIONALITY

by Robert Nozick

Subject: Philosophy / Epistemology, Reason, Reasoning,

INVARIANCES

by Robert Nozick

Subject: Ethics, Objectivity, Relativity, Truth,

Renegotiating ethics in literature, philosophy, and theory

by Jane Adamson

Subject: Criticism - Moral And Ethical Aspects, Literature And Morals,

Oxford Studies In Metaethics Volume Iv

by Russ Shafer-Landau

Subject: Ethics, Language Arts & Disciplines / Linguistics / General, Philosophy / Ethics & Moral Philosophy, Philosophy / General,

Anarchism and Moral Philosophy

by Benjamin Franks

Subject: Anarchism - Moral And Ethical Aspects,

محبوب ترین موضوعات

محدودیت‌های لیبرالیسم، افق‌های جامعیت‌گرایی

به مطالعات اخلاقی علاقمند هستید؟

پایش و پالایش جان، مرور انتقادی کتاب تزکیه النفس

محبوب‌ترین کتاب‌ها

NATURE OF RATIONALITY

by Robert Nozick

Subject: Philosophy / Epistemology, Reason, Reasoning,

INVARIANCES

by Robert Nozick

Subject: Ethics, Objectivity, Relativity, Truth,

Renegotiating ethics in literature, philosophy, and theory

by Jane Adamson

Subject: Criticism - Moral And Ethical Aspects, Literature And Morals,

Oxford Studies In Metaethics Volume Iv

by Russ Shafer-Landau

Subject: Ethics, Language Arts & Disciplines / Linguistics / General, Philosophy / Ethics & Moral Philosophy, Philosophy / General,

Anarchism and Moral Philosophy

by Benjamin Franks

Subject: Anarchism - Moral And Ethical Aspects,

محبوب ترین موضوعات

Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals

آخرین نقد و بررسی‌ کتاب‌ها

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Encyclopedia of Animal Rights and Animal Welfare

Environment and Philosophy

Faces of Intention

۱۰۱ Philosophy Problems