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بایگانی‌های 9780199567812 - خانه اخلاق پژوهان جوان
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Aristotle on the human good

by Richard Kraut

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Subject: Good And Evil, Happiness, History / Ancient / Greece, Philosophy / Ethics & Moral Philosophy,

Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics, which equates the ultimate end of human life with happiness (eudaimonia), is thought by many readers to argue that this highest goal consists in the largest possible aggregate of intrinsic goods. Richard Kraut proposes instead that Aristotle identifies happiness with only one type of good: excellent activity of the rational soul. In defense of this reading, Kraut discusses Aristotle’s attempt to organize all human goods into a single structure, so that each subordinate end is desirable for the sake of some higher goal.This book also emphasizes the philosopher’s hierarchy of natural kinds, in which every type of creature achieves its good by imitating divine life. As Kraut argues, Aristotle’s belief that thinking is the sole activity of the gods leads him to an intellectualist conception of the ethical virtues. Aristotle values these traits because, by subordinating emotion to reason, they enhance our ability to lead a life devoted to philosophy or politics.

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Moral Uncertainty And Its Consequences

by Ted Lockhart

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Subject: Applied Ethics, Decision Making, Decision Making/ Moral And Ethical Aspects,

We are often uncertain how to behave morally in complex situations. In this controversial study, Ted Lockhart contends that moral philosophy has failed to address how we make such moral decisions. Adapting decision theory to the task of decision-making under moral uncertainly, he proposes that we should not always act how we feel we ought to act, and that sometimes we should act against what we feel to be morally right. Lockhart also discusses abortion extensively and proposes new ways to deal with the ethical and moral issues which surround it.

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Beyond Security, Ethics and Violence

by Burke Anthony

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Subject: National Security, National Security/ International Cooperation, Security, International,

When security is grounded in exclusion and alienation, ethics give license to killing and war, and freedom is a mask for imperial violence, how should we act? Security, Ethics & Violencesounds a warning; not only are global patterns of insecurity, violence and conflict getting ever more destructive and out of hand, but the ways we understand and respond to them will only prolong the crisis. In this book Anthony Burke critiques the fundamental categories of global political life, and then lights a path out. · Burke presents a ground-breaking analysis of the historical roots of sovereignty and security, his critique of just war theory, and offers important new essays on strategy, the concept of freedom and US exceptionalism. · This volume pursues searching critical engagements with thinkers such as Agamben, Hardt; Negri, Levinas, Clausewitz, Elshtain, Walzer, Foucault and Connolly. · Combining cutting-edge theoretical critique with analyses of the waron terror, Iraq, the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, the Vietnam war, the Indonesian crisis, globalization and the new drive for empire, this is a book that refuses easy answers, or to abandon hope. This new text will be of key interest to students and researchers of Politics and International Relations, Security Studies, Social and Cultural Theory and Philosophy.

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Sentimental Rules: On The Natural Foundations Of Moral Judgment

by Shaun Nichols

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Subject: Electronic Books, Emotivism, Philosophy / Ethics & Moral Philosophy, Philosophy / General,

Sentimental Rules is an ambitious and highly interdisciplinary work, which proposes and defends a new theory about the nature and evolution of moral judgment. In it, philosopher Shaun Nichols develops the theory that emotions play a critical role in both the psychological and the cultural underpinnings of basic moral judgment. Nichols argues that our norms prohibiting the harming of others are fundamentally associated with our emotional responses to those harms, and that such “sentimental rules” enjoy an advantage in cultural evolution, which partly explains the success of certain moral norms. This has sweeping and exciting implications for philosophical ethics. Nichols builds on an explosion of recent intriguing experimental work in psychology on our capacity for moral judgment and shows how this empirical work has broad import for enduring philosophical problems. The result is an account that illuminates fundamental questions about the character of moral emotions and the role of sentiment and reason in how we make our moral judgments. This work should appeal widely across philosophy and the other disciplines that comprise cognitive science.

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READING A NEW TESTAMENT DOCUMENT ETHICALLY

by Elna Mouton

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Subject: Christian, Ethics, General & Miscellaneous Bible Studies, Theology - Bible Studies,

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