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بایگانی‌های 9780195377880 - خانه اخلاق پژوهان جوان
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SPEECH MATTERS

by Seana Valentine Shiffrin

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Subject: Philosophy / Ethics & Moral Philosophy,

To understand one another as individuals and to fulfill the moral duties that require such understanding, we must communicate with each other. We must also maintain protected channels that render reliable communication possible, a demand that, Seana Shiffrin argues, yields a prohibition against lying and requires protection for free speech. This book makes a distinctive philosophical argument for the wrong of the lie and provides an original account of its difference from the wrong of deception. Drawing on legal as well as philosophical arguments, the book defends a series of notable claims–that you may not lie about everything to the “murderer at the door,” that you have reasons to keep promises offered under duress, that lies are not protected by free speech, that police subvert their mission when they lie to suspects, and that scholars undermine their goals when they lie to research subjects. Many philosophers start to craft moral exceptions to demands for sincerity and fidelity when they confront wrongdoers, the pressures of non-ideal circumstances, or the achievement of morally substantial ends. But Shiffrin consistently resists this sort of exceptionalism, arguing that maintaining a strong basis for trust and reliable communication through practices of sincerity, fidelity, and respecting free speech is an essential aspect of ensuring the conditions for moral progress, including our rehabilitation of and moral reconciliation with wrongdoers.

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Case Studies In Ethics And Hiv Research

by Sana Loue

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Subject: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Biomedical Research - Ethics, HIV Infections, HIV Infections - Research - Moral And Ethical Aspects,

There has been a consistent interest in ethical issues arising in the context of HIV research. Ongoing international and multi-site studies and the continuing search for an HIV vaccine continue to prompt examination of how this research is conducted, how participants are engaged in the studies, and the obligations of the researchers to individual participants and their communities during the course of and following the conclusion of the research. Each chapter is authored primarily by one of the editors (secondarily by the other) and is accompanied by one to two case studies. Each case study has been authored by an HIV/AIDS researcher with experience in the subject matter of the chapter. The case studies will focus on an actual ethical dilemma encountered by the researcher, with suggestions on how it can be resolved. Each chapter addresses relevant issues and emphasizes particular ethical principles.

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Kant’s Search for the Supreme Principle of Morality

by Samuel J. Kerstein

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Subject: Ethics, Kant, Immanuel - Ethics, Philosophy / Ethics & Moral Philosophy, Philosophy / History & Surveys / General,

At the core of Kant’s ethics lies the claim that if there is a supreme principle of morality, then it is not a utilitarian or Aristotelian perfectionist principle, or even a principle resembling the Ten Commandments. The only viable candidate for the supreme principle of morality is the Categorial Imperative. This book is the most detailed investigation of thie claim. It constructs a new, criterial reading of Kant’s derivation of one version of the Categorial Imperative: The Formula of Universal Law. This reading shows this derivation to be far more compelling than contemporary philosophers tend to believe. It also reveals a novel approach to deriving another version of the Categorial Imperative, the Formula of Humanity, a principle widely considered to be the most attractive Kantian candidate for the supreme principle of morality. Lucidly written and dealing with a foundational topic in the history of ethics, this book will be important not just for Kant scholars but for a broad swath of students of philosophy. Samuel Kerstein is Associate Professor of Philosophy at the University of Maryland, College Park

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Kant’s correspondence theory of truth

by Lori J. Underwood

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Subject: Kant, Immanuel, Philosophy / Aesthetics, Philosophy / Epistemology, Truth,

New York, Bern, Berlin, Bruxelles, Frankfurt/M., Oxford, Wien. In his three Critiques, Immanuel Kant provides a system of philosophy that encompasses ethics, aesthetics, metaphysics, and epistemology. As Kant’s is a seemingly complete system, one may reasonably infer that it contains an account of the nature of truth. However, Kant’s elliptical remarks on the subject make it difficult to specify the precise nature of his account. This book considers explanations by a number of authors concerning Kant’s account of truth, and proposes an alternative to these views.

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