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بایگانی‌های Shane Weller - خانه اخلاق پژوهان جوان
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Knowledge And Practical Interests

by Jason Stanley

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Subject: Electronic Books, Knowledge, Theory Of, Psycholinguistics, Semantics (Philosophy),

Jason Stanley presents a startling and provocative claim about knowledge: that whether or not someone knows a proposition at a given time is in part determined by his or her practical interests, i.e. by how much is at stake for that person at that time. So whether a true belief is knowledge is not merely a matter of supporting beliefs or reliability; in the case of knowledge, practical rationality and theoretical rationality are intertwined. Stanley defends this thesis against alternative accounts of the phenomena that motivate it, such as the claim that knowledge attributions are linguistically context-sensitive (contextualism about knowledge attributions), and the claim that the truth of a knowledge claim is somehow relative to the person making the claim (relativism about knowledge). In the course of his argument Stanley introduces readers to a number of strategies for resolving philosophical paradox, making the book essential not just for specialists in epistemology but for all philosophers interested in philosophical methodology. Since a number of his strategies appeal to linguistic evidence, it will be of great interest to linguists as well.

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Ethics of the Body

by Margrit Shildrick

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Subject: Bioethics, Law / Ethics & Professional Responsibility, Medical Ethics, Social Science / Women's Studies,

The provocative contention of the postmodernist and feminist essays in Ethics of the Body is that conventional bioethics is out of touch, despite its growing profile. It is out of touch with an ongoing phenomenological sense of bodies themselves; with the impact of postmodernist theory as it problematizes the certainties of binary thinking; and with a postmodern culture in which bioscientific developments force us to question what is meant by the notion of the human self. The authors demonstrate that the conventional normative framework of bioethics is called into question by issues as wide ranging as genetic manipulation, disability, high-tech prosthetics, and intersexuality. The essays show how both the theory and practice of bioethics can benefit from postmodernism’s characteristic fluidity and multiplicity, as well as from the insights of a reconceived feminist bioethics. They address issues in philosophy, law, bioscientific research, psychiatry, cultural studies, and feminism from a “postconventional” perspective that looks beyond the familiar ideas of the body, proposing not a bioethics about the body but a radical ethics of the body.After exploring notions of difference in both feminist and postmodernist terms, the book considers specific issues—including HIV, addiction, borderline personality disorder, and cancer—that challenge the principles of conventional bioethics. The focus then turns to questions raised by biotechnology: one essay rethinks the traditional feminist ethics of care in the context of new reproductive technology, while others tackle genetic and genomic issues. Finally, the book looks at embodiment and some specifically anomalous forms of being-in-the-body, including a consideration of intersex infants and children that draws on feminist, postructuralist, and queer theory.

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Moral Interpretation of Religion Reason & Religion

by Peter Byrne

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Subject: Philosophy / Religious, Religion / Philosophy, Religion And Ethics, Social Science / Sociology / General,

The Moral Interpretation of Religion provides a critical examination of the traditional attempt to interpret religion in moral terms alone. Respected philosopher Peter Byrne discusses the general character of moral interpretation, probes the relation of religion to morality, and assesses historical attempts to reason directly from the basis of morality to the existence of a personal God. As the first full-length treatment of this theme, this volume offers students and inquiring general readers a valuable discussion of one of the most powerful and enduring apologetics for explicating religious belief.

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Citizenship and Ethnic Conflict

by

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Subject: ,

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