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بایگانی‌های Jasper Adams - خانه اخلاق پژوهان جوان
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CATEGORIES

by Aristotle

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Subject: Philosophy,

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GOD DELUSION

by Richard Dawkins

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Subject: Atheism, God, Irreligion, Religion,

“A preeminent scientist – and the world’s most prominent atheist – asserts the irrationality of belief in God and the grievous harm religion has inflicted on society, from the Crusades to 9/11.”–BOOK JACKET.

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Bioethics and Armed Conflict

by Michael L. Gross

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Subject: Bioethical Issues, Medical Ethics, Medicine, Military, Medicine, Military - Moral And Ethical Aspects,

Is medical ethics in times of armed conflict identical to medical ethics in times of peace, as the World Medical Association declares? In Bioethics and Armed Conflict, the first comprehensive study of medical ethics in conventional, unconventional, and low-intensity war, Michael Gross examines the dilemmas that arise when bioethical principles clash with military necessity—when physicians try to save lives during an endeavor dedicated to taking them—and describes both the conflicts and congruencies of military and medical ethics.Gross describes how the principles of contemporary just war, unlike those of medical ethics, often go beyond the welfare of the individual to consider the collective interests of combatants and noncombatants and the general interests of the state. Military necessity plays havoc with such patients’ rights as the right to life, the right to medical care, informed consent, confidentiality, and the right to die. The principles of triage in battle conditions dictate not need-based treatment but the distribution of resources that will return the greatest number of soldiers to active duty. And unconventional warfare, including current “wars” on terrorism, challenges the traditional concept of medical neutrality as physicians who have sworn to “do no harm” are called upon to lend their expertise to “interrogational” torture or to the development of biological or chemical weapons. Difficult dilemmas inevitably arise during armed conflict, and medicine, Gross concludes, is not above the fray. Medical ethics in time of war cannot be identical to medical ethics in peacetime.

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Localizing The Moral Sense: Neuroscience And The Search For The Cerebral Seat Of Morality

by Jan Verplaetse

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Subject: Medical / Neurology, Medical / Neuroscience, Philosophy / Ethics & Moral Philosophy, Science - History,

Due to the current revolution in brain research the search for the a oemoral braina became a serious endeavour. Nowadays, neural circuits that are indispensable for moral and social behaviour are discovered and the brains of psychopaths and criminals – the classical anti-heroes of morality – are scanned with curiosity, even enthusiasm. How revolutionary this current research might be, the quest for a localisable ethical centre or moral organ is far from new. The moral brain was a recurrent theme in the works of neuroscientists during the 19th and 20th century. From the phrenology era to the encephalitis pandemic in the 1920s a wide range of European and American scientists (neurologists, psychiatrists, anthropologists and criminologists) speculated about and discussed the location of a moral sense in the human cortex. Encouraged by medical discoveries and concerned by terrifying phenomena like crime or a oemoral insanitya (psychopathy) even renowned and outstanding neurologists, including Moritz Benedikt, Paul Flechsig, Arthur Van Gehuchten, Oskar Vogt or Constantin von Monakow, had the nerve to make their speculations public. This book presents the first overview of believers and disbelievers in a cerebral seat of human morality, their positions and arguments and offers an explanation for these historical attempts to localise our moral sense, in spite of the massive disapproving commentary launched by colleagues.

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The Blackwell Guide To Feminist Philosophy

by Linda Martín, Alcoff

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Subject: Feminist Theory,

Over the past 30 years, philosophy has become a vital arena for feminists. Recent feminist work has challenged canonical claims about the role of women and has developed new methods of analysis and critique, and in so doing has reinvigorated central areas of philosophy.”The Blackwell Guide to Feminist Philosophy” is a definitive introduction to the field, consisting of fifteen newly-written essays that apply philosophical methods and approaches to feminist concerns. From analyses of women in the history of philosophy to the relation of feminism to topics such as pragmatism, epistemology, political philosophy, aesthetics and phenomenology, the “Guide” is an excellent resource for those who wish to explore how feminist philosophy is transforming the very nature of philosophical inquiry.

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