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بایگانی‌های Graham Bird - خانه اخلاق پژوهان جوان
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Egoism

by Black Bob

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Subject: ,

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Educating For Moral Action

by Ruth B. Purtilo

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Subject: Medical Ethics, Occupational Therapists, Occupational Therapists/ Professional Ethics, Physical Therapists/ Professional Ethics,

This new resource is written for physical therapy and occupational therapy administrators, curriculum coordinators and educators. Stemming from the summer 2003 “Dreamcatchers” Conference, Creighton University’s “Leadership in Ethics Education,” the authors have assembled a veritable “who’s who” of PT and OT academics to share their insights regarding contemporary issues in health and rehabilitation ethics. Going beyond the “nuts and bolts” of teaching ethics, the text aims to present pedagogical strategies that will ultimately change the face of how educators think, and consequently, how they teach ethics to the next generation of health professionals.

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Did My Neurons Make Me Do It?

by Nancey Murphy

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Subject: Cognitive Neuroscience, Electronic Books, Ethics,

If humans are purely physical, and if it is the brain that does the work formerly assigned to the mind or soul, then how can it fail to be the case that all of our thoughts and actions are determined by the laws of neurobiology? If this is the case, then free will, moral responsibility, and, indeed, reason itself would appear to be in jeopardy. Nancey Murphy and Warren S. Brown here defend a non-reductive version of physicalism whereby humans are (sometimes) the authors of their own thoughts and actions. Did My Neurons Make Me Do It? brings together insights from both philosophy and the cognitive neurosciences to defeat neurobiological reductionism. One resource is a “post-Cartesian” account of mind as essentially embodied and constituted by action-feedback-evaluation-action loops in the environment, and “scaffolded” by cultural resources. Another is a non-mysterious account of downward (mental) causation explained in terms of a complex, higher-order system exercising constraints on lower-level causal processes. These resources are intrinsically related: the embeddedness of brain events in action-feedback loops is the key to their mentality, and those broader systems have causal effects on the brain itself. With these resources Murphy and Brown take on two problems in philosophy of mind: a response to the charges that physicalists cannot account for the meaningfulness of language nor the causal efficacy of the mental qua mental. Solutions to these problems are a prerequisite to addressing the central problem of the book: how can biological organisms be free and morally responsible? The authors argue that the free-will problem is badly framed if it is put in terms of neurobiological determinism; the real issue is neurobiological reductionism. If it is indeed possible to make sense of the notion of downward causation, then the relevant question is whether humans exert downward causation over some of their own parts and processes. If all organisms do this to some extent, what needs to be added to this animalian flexibility to constitute free and responsible action? The keys are sophisticated language and hierarchically ordered cognitive processes allowing (mature) humans to evaluate their own actions, motives, goals, and rational and moral principles.

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A Natural Law Approach to Normativity

by Bebhinn Donnelly

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Subject: ,

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نتایج برای : Graham Bird
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